Flint maize root mycorrhization and organic acid exudates under phosphorus deficiency: Trends in breeding lines and doubled haploid lines from landraces

Aims: High maize yields in modern well-managed agroecosystems depend on the use of elite varieties and hybrids. Unfortunately, because repeated selection at high fertilizer rates, some beneficial traits, such as interaction with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi or release organic acid anions for phosphate mobilization attracting microorganisms, might be gradually declining genotypes. However, old founder lines landraces possibly carry genetic relicts that originate from pre-green revolution times are useful breeding material low input farming systems. Methods: Seedling colonization (AMF) anion were measured flint released over more than five decades ago six preselected doubled haploid (DH) landraces. P-uptake-related root traits compared under P-sufficient P-deficient conditions. Results: Weak trends loss AMF changes P supply detected varieties. One DH line a landrace was found increased mycorrhization, whereas others similar to lines. Overall, substantial variance encountered these traits. Conclusions: The concern have lost nutrient acquisition is not substantiated pool maize, although weak exist. Lines associated better P-acquisition efficiency limited availability should utilized sustainable